# std::valarray<T>::operator+,-,~,!

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | numeric‎ | valarray

valarray<T> operator+() const; | (1) |
valarray<T> operator-() const; | (2) |
valarray<T> operator~() const; | (3) |
valarray<bool> operator!() const; | (4) |

Applies unary operators to each element in the numeric array.

### Parameters

(none)

### Return value

A numeric array containing elements with values obtained by applying corresponding operator to the values in *this.

### Exceptions

May throw implementation-defined exceptions.

### Notes

Each of the operators can only be instantiated if the following requirements are met:

  - The indicated operator can be applied to type `T`.
  - The result value can be unambiguously converted to `T` (1-3) or bool (4).

The function can be implemented with the return type different from std::valarray. In this case, the replacement type has the following properties:

  - All const member functions of std::valarray are provided.
  - std::valarray, std::slice_array, std::gslice_array, std::mask_array and std::indirect_array can be constructed from the replacement type.
  - For every function taking a const std::valarray<T>& except `begin()` and `end()`(since C++11), identical functions taking the replacement types shall be added;
  - For every function taking two const std::valarray<T>& arguments, identical functions taking every combination of const std::valarray<T>& and replacement types shall be added.
  - The return type does not add more than two levels of template nesting over the most deeply-nested argument type.

### Example

Run this code

    #include <iostream>
    #include <string_view>
    #include <valarray>

    template<typename T>
    void print(std::string_view const note,
               std::valarray<T> const vala, // by-value, see Notes above
               std::string_view const term = "\n")
    {
        std::cout << note << std::boolalpha << std::showpos;
        for (T const element : vala)
            std::cout << '\t' << element;
        std::cout << term;
    }

    int main()
    {
        std::valarray<int> x{1, 2, 3, 4};
        print<int>("x: ", x);
        print<int>("+x: ", +x);
        print<int>("+ + x: ", + + x);
        print<int>("-x: ", -x);
        print<int>("- - x: ", - - x, "\n\n");

        std::valarray<short> y{0, 1, -1, 0x7fff};
        print<short>("y: ", y);
        print<short>("~y: ", ~y);
        print<short>("~~y: ", ~~y, "\n\n");

        std::valarray<bool> z{true, false};
        print<bool>("z: ", z);
        print<bool>("!z: ", !z);
        print<bool>("!!z: ", !!z);
    }

Possible output:

    x:      +1      +2      +3      +4
    +x:     +1      +2      +3      +4
    + + x:  +1      +2      +3      +4
    -x:     -1      -2      -3      -4
    - - x:  +1      +2      +3      +4

    y:      +0      +1      -1      +32767
    ~y:     -1      -2      +0      -32768
    ~~y:    +0      +1      -1      +32767

    z:      true    false
    !z:     false   true
    !!z:    true    false

### See also

operator+=operator-=operator*=operator/=operator%=operator&=operator|=operator^=operator<<=operator>>= | applies compound assignment operator to each element of the valarray (public member function)
operator+operator-operator*operator/operator%operator&operator|operator^operator<<operator>>operator&&operator|| | applies binary operators to each element of two valarrays, or a valarray and a value (function template)

Retrieved from "https://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/numeric/valarray/operator_arith&oldid=160812"