# std::rotl

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | numeric

Defined in header `<bit>` |  |
template< class T > constexpr T rotl( T x, int s ) noexcept; |  | (since C++20)

Computes the result of bitwise left-rotating the value of x by s positions. This operation is also known as a left circular shift.

Formally, let `N` be std::numeric_limits<T>::digits and r be s % N.

- If r is ​0​, returns x;
- if r is positive, returns (x << r) | (x >> (N - r));
- if r is negative, returns std::rotr(x, -r).

This overload participates in overload resolution only if `T` is an unsigned integer type (that is, unsigned char, unsigned short, unsigned int, unsigned long, unsigned long long, or an extended unsigned integer type).

### Parameters

x | - | value of unsigned integer type
s | - | number of positions to shift

### Return value

The result of bitwise left-rotating x by s positions.

### Notes

Feature-test macro | Value | Std | Feature
--- | --- | --- | ---
`__cpp_lib_bitops` | `201907L` | (C++20) | Bit operations

### Example

Run this code

    #include <bit>
    #include <bitset>
    #include <cstdint>
    #include <iostream>

    int main()
    {
        using bin = std::bitset<8>;
        const std::uint8_t x{0b00011101};
        std::cout << bin(x) << " <- x\n";
        for (const int s : {0, 1, 4, 9, -1})
            std::cout << bin(std::rotl(x, s)) << " <- rotl(x, " << s << ")\n";
    }

Output:

    00011101 <- x
    00011101 <- rotl(x, 0)
    00111010 <- rotl(x, 1)
    11010001 <- rotl(x, 4)
    00111010 <- rotl(x, 9)
    10001110 <- rotl(x, -1)

### See also

rotr (C++20) | computes the result of bitwise right-rotation (function template)
operator<<=operator>>=operator<<operator>> | performs binary shift left and shift right (public member function of `std::bitset<N>`)

Retrieved from "https://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/numeric/rotl&oldid=178986"