# std::extents, std::dextents, std::dims

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< cpp‎ | container‎ | mdspan

Defined in header `<mdspan>` |  |
template< class IndexType, std::size_t... Extents > class extents; | (1) | (since C++23)
template< class IndexType, std::size_t Rank > using dextents = /* see below */ | (2) | (since C++23)
template< std::size_t Rank, class IndexType = std::size_t > using dims = std::dextents<IndexType, Rank>; | (3) | (since C++26)

1) Represents a multidimensional index space of rank equal to sizeof...(Extents).
2) A convenient alias template for an all-dynamic `extents`. Let `d` denote std::dynamic_extent, each specialization of it dextents<IndexType, Rank> is equivalent to extents<IndexType /*, d, d, ..., d*/> (i.e. `d` is repeated a total of `Rank` times).
3) A convenient alias template for an all-dynamic `extents` with std::size_t as the default index type.

Each specialization of `extents` models `regular` and is TriviallyCopyable.

### Template parameters

IndexType | - | the type of each non-dynamic `Extents`. Shall be a signed or unsigned integer type. Otherwise, the program is ill-formed
Extents | - | represents extent (size of an integer interval) for each rank index. Each element of it is either equal to std::dynamic_extent (in this case, it represents a dynamic extent and the extent size will be determined dynamically), or is representable as a value of type `IndexType` (then it represents a static extent and the extent size is just the value of it), or else the program is ill-formed
Rank | - | denotes the rank of an all-dynamic `extents`

### Member types

Member type | Definition
`index_type` | `IndexType`
`size_type` | std::make_unsigned_t<index_type>
`rank_type` | std::size_t

### Data members

Member name | Definition
std::array<index_type, rank_dynamic()> `dynamic-extents` (private) | An array which stores the size of each dynamic extents. (exposition-only member object*)

### Member functions

(constructor) | constructs an `extents` (public member function)
##### Observers
rank [static] | returns the static rank of an `extents` (public static member function)
rank_dynamic [static] | returns the dynamic rank of an `extents` (public static member function)
static_extent [static] | returns static extent size of an `extents` at a certain rank index (public static member function)
extent | returns dynamic extent size of an `extents` at a certain rank index (public member function)
##### Helpers
fwd-prod-of-extents | returns the product of extent size in range `[`​0​`,` i`)` (exposition-only member function*)
rev-prod-of-extents | returns the product of extents size in range `[`i + 1`,` rank()`)` (exposition-only member function*)
index-cast | casts the input into an integer type (exposition-only member function*)
dynamic-index (private) | returns the number of dynamic extents below a certain rank index (exposition-only member function*)
dynamic-index-inv (private) | returns the number `r` such that in range `[`​0​`,` r + 1`)` there is exactly `i + 1` dynamic extents for a certain argument `i` (exposition-only member function*)

### Non-member functions

operator== (C++23) | compare underlying extents in each dimension of two `extents` (function)

### Deduction guides(C++23)

### Example

| This section is incomplete Reason: no example

### See also

rank (C++11) | obtains the number of dimensions of an array type (class template)
extent (C++11) | obtains the size of an array type along a specified dimension (class template)

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