# std::atomic_...<std::shared_ptr>

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< cpp‎ | memory‎ | shared ptr

Defined in header `<memory>` |  |
template< class T > bool atomic_is_lock_free( const std::shared_ptr<T>* p ); | (1) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > std::shared_ptr<T> atomic_load( const std::shared_ptr<T>* p ); | (2) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > std::shared_ptr<T> atomic_load_explicit ( const std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::memory_order mo ); | (3) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > void atomic_store( std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::shared_ptr<T> r ); | (4) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > void atomic_store_explicit ( std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::shared_ptr<T> r, std::memory_order mo ); | (5) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > std::shared_ptr<T> atomic_exchange ( std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::shared_ptr<T> r ); | (6) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > std::shared_ptr<T> atomic_exchange_explicit ( std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::shared_ptr<T> r, std::memory_order mo ); | (7) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > bool atomic_compare_exchange_weak ( std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::shared_ptr<T>* expected, std::shared_ptr<T> desired ); | (8) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > bool atomic_compare_exchange_strong ( std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::shared_ptr<T>* expected, std::shared_ptr<T> desired ); | (9) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > bool atomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit ( std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::shared_ptr<T>* expected, std::shared_ptr<T> desired, std::memory_order success, std::memory_order failure ); | (10) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)
template< class T > bool atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit ( std::shared_ptr<T>* p, std::shared_ptr<T>* expected, std::shared_ptr<T> desired, std::memory_order success, std::memory_order failure ); | (11) | (since C++11) (deprecated in C++20) (removed in C++26)

If multiple threads of execution access the same std::shared_ptr object without synchronization and any of those accesses uses a non-const member function of `shared_ptr` then a data race will occur unless all such access is performed through these functions, which are overloads of the corresponding atomic access functions (std::atomic_load, std::atomic_store, etc.).

Note that the control block of a `shared_ptr` is thread-safe: different std::shared_ptr objects can be accessed using mutable operations, such as operator= or `reset`, simultaneously by multiple threads, even when these instances are copies, and share the same control block internally.

1) Determines whether atomic access to the shared pointer pointed-to by p is lock-free.
2) Equivalent to atomic_load_explicit(p, std::memory_order_seq_cst).
3) Returns the shared pointer pointed-to by p.
As with the non-specialized std::atomic_load_explicit, if mo is std::memory_order_release or std::memory_order_acq_rel, the behavior is undefined.
4) Equivalent to atomic_store_explicit(p, r, std::memory_order_seq_cst).
5) Stores the shared pointer r in the shared pointer pointed-to by p atomically, as if by p->swap(r).
As with the non-specialized std::atomic_store_explicit, if mo is std::memory_order_acquire or std::memory_order_acq_rel, the behavior is undefined.
6) Equivalent to atomic_exchange_explicit(p, r, std::memory_order_seq_cst).
7) Stores the shared pointer r in the shared pointer pointed to by p and returns the value formerly pointed-to by p, atomically, as if by p->swap(r) and returns a copy of r after the swap.
8) Equivalent to
atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit
(p, expected, desired, std::memory_order_seq_cst,
std::memory_order_seq_cst).
9) Equivalent to
atomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit
(p, expected, desired, std::memory_order_seq_cst,
std::memory_order_seq_cst).
10,11) Compares the shared pointers pointed-to by p and expected.

- If they are equivalent (store the same pointer value, and either share ownership of the same object or are both empty), assigns desired into *p using the memory ordering constraints specified by success and returns true.
- If they are not equivalent, assigns *p into *expected using the memory ordering constraints specified by failure and returns false.

`atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit` may fail spuriously.
If expected is a null pointer, or failure is std::memory_order_release or std::memory_order_acq_rel, the behavior is undefined.

If p is a null pointer, the behaviors of these functions are all undefined.

### Parameters

p, expected | - | a pointer to a std::shared_ptr
r, desired | - | a std::shared_ptr
mo, success, failure | - | memory ordering selectors of type std::memory_order

### Exceptions

These functions do not throw exceptions.

### Return value

1) true if atomic access is implemented using lock-free instructions.
2,3) A copy of the pointed-to shared pointer.
4,5) (none)
6,7) A copy of the formerly pointed-to shared pointer.
8-11) true if the shared pointers were equivalent and the exchange was performed, false otherwise.

### Notes

These functions are typically implemented using mutexes, stored in a global hash table where the pointer value is used as the key.

The Concurrency TS offers atomic smart pointer classes `atomic_shared_ptr` and `atomic_weak_ptr` as a replacement for the use of these functions.

These functions were deprecated in favor of the specializations of the std::atomic template: std::atomic<std::shared_ptr> and std::atomic<std::weak_ptr>. | (since C++20) (until C++26)
These functions were removed in favor of the specializations of the std::atomic template: std::atomic<std::shared_ptr> and std::atomic<std::weak_ptr>. | (since C++26)

### Example

| This section is incomplete Reason: no example

### Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR | Applied to | Behavior as published | Correct behavior
--- | --- | --- | ---
LWG 2172 | C++11 | expected could be a null pointer | the behavior is undefined in this case
LWG 2980 | C++11 | empty `shared_ptr`s were never equivalent | equivalent if they store the same pointer value

### See also

atomic_is_lock_free (C++11) | checks if the atomic type's operations are lock-free (function template)
atomic_storeatomic_store_explicit (C++11)(C++11) | atomically replaces the value of the atomic object with a non-atomic argument (function template)
atomic_loadatomic_load_explicit (C++11)(C++11) | atomically obtains the value stored in an atomic object (function template)
atomic_exchangeatomic_exchange_explicit (C++11)(C++11) | atomically replaces the value of the atomic object with non-atomic argument and returns the old value of the atomic (function template)
atomic_compare_exchange_weakatomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicitatomic_compare_exchange_strongatomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | atomically compares the value of the atomic object with non-atomic argument and performs atomic exchange if equal or atomic load if not (function template)

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