# Null-terminated wide strings

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | string

A null-terminated wide string is a sequence of valid wide characters, ending with a null character.

### Functions

##### Character classification
Defined in header `<cwctype>`
iswalnum | checks if a wide character is alphanumeric (function)
iswalpha | checks if a wide character is alphabetic (function)
iswlower | checks if a wide character is lowercase (function)
iswupper | checks if a wide character is an uppercase character (function)
iswdigit | checks if a wide character is a digit (function)
iswxdigit | checks if a wide character is a hexadecimal character (function)
iswcntrl | checks if a wide character is a control character (function)
iswgraph | checks if a wide character is a graphical character (function)
iswspace | checks if a wide character is a space character (function)
iswblank (C++11) | checks if a wide character is a blank character (function)
iswprint | checks if a wide character is a printing character (function)
iswpunct | checks if a wide character is a punctuation character (function)
iswctype | classifies a wide character according to the specified `LC_CTYPE` category (function)
wctype | looks up a character classification category in the current C locale (function)
##### Character manipulation
Defined in header `<cwctype>`
towlower | converts a wide character to lowercase (function)
towupper | converts a wide character to uppercase (function)
towctrans | performs character mapping according to the specified `LC_CTYPE` mapping category (function)
wctrans | looks up a character mapping category in the current C locale (function)

ASCII values | characters | `iscntrl` `iswcntrl` | `isprint` `iswprint` | `isspace` `iswspace` | `isblank` `iswblank` | `isgraph` `iswgraph` | `ispunct` `iswpunct` | `isalnum` `iswalnum` | `isalpha` `iswalpha` | `isupper` `iswupper` | `islower` `iswlower` | `isdigit` `iswdigit` | `isxdigit` `iswxdigit`
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
decimal | hexadecimal | octal
0–8 | `\x0`–`\x8` | `\0`–`\10` | control codes (`NUL`, etc.) | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
9 | `\x9` | `\11` | tab (`\t`) | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
10–13 | `\xA`–`\xD` | `\12`–`\15` | whitespaces (`\n`, `\v`, `\f`, `\r`) | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
14–31 | `\xE`–`\x1F` | `\16`–`\37` | control codes | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
32 | `\x20` | `\40` | space | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
33–47 | `\x21`–`\x2F` | `\41`–`\57` | `!"#$%&'()*+,-./` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
48–57 | `\x30`–`\x39` | `\60`–`\71` | `0123456789` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0`
58–64 | `\x3A`–`\x40` | `\72`–`\100` | `:;<=>?@` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
65–70 | `\x41`–`\x46` | `\101`–`\106` | `ABCDEF` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0`
71–90 | `\x47`–`\x5A` | `\107`–`\132` | `GHIJKLMNOP` `QRSTUVWXYZ` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
91–96 | `\x5B`–`\x60` | `\133`–`\140` | `[\]^_`` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
97–102 | `\x61`–`\x66` | `\141`–`\146` | `abcdef` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0`
103–122 | `\x67`–`\x7A` | `\147`–`\172` | `ghijklmnop` `qrstuvwxyz` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0`
123–126 | `\x7B`–`\x7E` | `\172`–`\176` | `{|}~` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
127 | `\x7F` | `\177` | backspace character (`DEL`) | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`

##### Conversions to numeric formats
Defined in header `<cwchar>`
wcstolwcstoll | converts a wide string to an integer value (function)
wcstoulwcstoull | converts a wide string to an unsigned integer value (function)
wcstofwcstodwcstold | converts a wide string to a floating-point value (function)
Defined in header `<cinttypes>`
wcstoimaxwcstoumax (C++11)(C++11) | converts a wide string to std::intmax_t or std::uintmax_t (function)

##### String manipulation
Defined in header `<cwchar>`
wcscpy | copies one wide string to another (function)
wcsncpy | copies a certain amount of wide characters from one string to another (function)
wcscat | appends a copy of one wide string to another (function)
wcsncat | appends a certain amount of wide characters from one wide string to another (function)
wcsxfrm | transform a wide string so that `wcscmp` would produce the same result as `wcscoll` (function)
##### String examination
Defined in header `<cwchar>`
wcslen | returns the length of a wide string (function)
wcscmp | compares two wide strings (function)
wcsncmp | compares a certain amount of characters from two wide strings (function)
wcscoll | compares two wide strings in accordance to the current locale (function)
wcschr | finds the first occurrence of a wide character in a wide string (function)
wcsrchr | finds the last occurrence of a wide character in a wide string (function)
wcsspn | returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the wide characters found in another wide string (function)
wcscspn | returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the wide not found in another wide string (function)
wcspbrk | finds the first location of any wide character in one wide string, in another wide string (function)
wcsstr | finds the first occurrence of a wide string within another wide string (function)
wcstok | finds the next token in a wide string (function)

##### Wide character array manipulation
Defined in header `<cwchar>`
wmemcpy | copies a certain amount of wide characters between two non-overlapping arrays (function)
wmemmove | copies a certain amount of wide characters between two, possibly overlapping, arrays (function)
wmemcmp | compares a certain amount of wide characters from two arrays (function)
wmemchr | finds the first occurrence of a wide character in a wide character array (function)
wmemset | copies the given wide character to every position in a wide character array (function)

### Types

Defined in header `<cwctype>`
wctrans_t | scalar type that holds locale-specific character mapping (typedef)
wctype_t | scalar type that holds locale-specific character classification (typedef)
Defined in header `<cwctype>`
Defined in header `<cwchar>`
wint_t | integer type that can hold any valid wide character and at least one more value (typedef)

### Macros

Defined in header `<cwchar>`
WEOF | a non-character value of type std::wint_t used to indicate errors (macro constant)
WCHAR_MIN | the smallest valid value of wchar_t (macro constant)
WCHAR_MAX | the largest valid value of wchar_t (macro constant)

### See also

C documentation for Null-terminated wide strings

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