# Compiler support for C++23

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* - hover over a cell marked with the star * to see additional pop-up notes.
DRnn - the number nn after "DR" denotes target C++ revision the Defect Report is applied to, e.g., DR20 → C++20.

### C++23 core language features

C++23 feature | Paper(s) | GCC | Clang | MSVC | Apple Clang | EDG eccp | Intel C++ | Nvidia HPC C++ (ex PGI)* | Nvidia nvcc | Cray |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Literal suffix for (signed) `size_t` (FTM)* | P0330R8 | 11 | 13 | 19.43* | 13.1.6* | 6.5 | 2022.2 | 23.9 |  |
Make `()` more optional for lambdas | P1102R2 | 11 | 13 |  | 13.1.6* | 6.3 | 2022.2 | 22.5 |  |
`if consteval` (FTM)* | P1938R3 | 12 | 14 |  | 14.0.0* | 6.3 | 2022.2 | 24.1 |  |
Removing Garbage Collection Support | P2186R2 | 12 | N/A | 19.30* |  | N/A |  | N/A |  |
Narrowing contextual conversions in `static_assert` and constexpr if | P1401R5 | 9 | 13 (partial)* 14 |  | 14.0.0* |  | 2022.2 | 20.7 |  |
Trimming whitespaces before line splicing | P2223R2 | Yes | Yes |  | Yes | 6.7 | 2022.2 | Yes |  |
Make declaration order layout mandated | P1847R4 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |  | 2022.2 | Yes |  |
Removing mixed wide string literal concatenation | P2201R1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
Explicit object member functions (deducing this) (FTM)* | P0847R7 | 14 | 18 19* | 19.32* (partial)* |  | 6.3 |  | 22.5 |  |
`auto(x)` and `auto{x}` (FTM)* | P0849R8 | 12 | 15 |  | 14.0.3* | 6.4 | 2022.2 | 23.3 |  |
`#elifdef` and `#elifndef` | P2334R1 | 12 | 13 | 19.40* | 13.1.6* | 6.5 | 2022.2 | 23.9 |  |
Non-literal variables (and labels and gotos) in `constexpr` functions (FTM)* | P2242R3 | 12 | 15 |  | 14.0.3* | 6.3 | 2022.2 | 22.5 |  |
Consistent character literal encoding | P2316R2 | Yes | Yes | 19.30* | Yes | Yes | 2022.2 | Yes |  |
Character sets and encodings | P2314R4 | 10 | Yes |  | Yes | Yes | 2022.2 | Yes |  |
Extend init-statement (of `for` loop) to allow alias-declaration | P2360R0 | 12 | 14 |  | 14.0.0* |  | 2022.2 |  |  |
Multidimensional subscript operator (FTM)* | P2128R6 | 12 | 15 |  | 14.0.3* |  | 2022.2 |  |  |
Attributes on lambdas | P2173R1 | 9 | 13 |  | 13.1.6* | 6.6 | 2022.2 | 22.5 |  |
`#warning` | P2437R1 | Yes* | Yes |  | 15.0.0* | 6.5 | 2023.2 | Yes |  |
Remove non-encodable wide character literals and multicharacter wide character literals | P2362R3 | 13 | 14 |  | 15.0.0* | 6.7 | 2023.2 |  |  |
Labels at the end of compound statements | P2324R2 | 13 | 16 |  | 16.0.0* | 6.5 | 2023.2 | 23.9 |  |
Delimited escape sequences | P2290R3 | 13 | 15 |  | 15.0.0* | 6.7 | 2023.2 |  |  |
Named universal character escapes (FTM)* | P2071R2 | 13 | 15 |  | 15.0.0* | 6.7 | 2023.2 |  |  |
Relaxing some constexpr restrictions (FTM)* | P2448R2 | 13 | 17 (partial) 19 |  |  |  | 2024.0 (partial) |  |  |
Simpler implicit move (FTM)* | P2266R3 | 13 | 13 |  |  | 6.7 | 2022.2 |  |  |
static operator() (FTM)* | P1169R4 | 13 | 16 |  | 16.0.0* | 6.7 | 2023.2 |  |  |
Requirements for optional extended floating-point types | P1467R9 | 13 |  | N/A |  | 6.4 |  |  |  |
Class template argument deduction from inherited constructors | P2582R1 | 14 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Attribute `[[assume]]` | P1774R8 | 13 | 19 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Support for UTF-8 as a portable source file encoding | P2295R6 | 13* | 15* | 19.0 (Update 2)** | 15.0.0* |  | 2023.2 |  |  |
static operator[] (FTM)* | P2589R1 | 13 | 16 |  | 16.0.0* | 6.7 | 2023.2 |  |  |
Permitting static constexpr variables in constexpr functions (FTM)* | P2647R1 | 13 | 16 |  | 16.0.0* |  | 2023.2 |  |  |
Extending the lifetime of temporaries in range-based for loop initializer (FTM)* | P2644R1 P2718R0 CWG2659 | 15 | 19 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
DR11: Change scope of lambda trailing-return-type | P2036R3 P2579R0 |  | 17 |  |  |  | 2023.2 |  |  |
DR20: Meaningful exports | P2615R1 | 15 | 17 (partial) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
DR20: consteval needs to propagate up (FTM)* | P2564R3 | 14 | 17 |  | 16.0.0* | 6.7 | 2024.0 |  |  |
DR98: C++ Identifier Syntax using Unicode Standard Annex 31 | P1949R7 | 12 | 14 |  | 14.0.0* | 6.4 | 2022.2 |  |  |
DR11: Allow duplicate attributes | P2156R1 | 11 | 13 |  | 13.1.6* | 6.5 |  | 23.9 |  |
DR20: Adjusting the value of feature-test macro `__cpp_concepts` | P2493R0 | 12 |  | 19.32* |  | 6.4 |  | 23.3 |  |
DR98: Relax requirements on wchar_t to match existing practices | P2460R2 | Yes | Yes |  | 15.0.0* | N/A | 2023.2 |  |  |
DR11: Using unknown pointers and references in constant expressions | P2280R4 | 14 | 20* |  |  |  |  |  |  |
DR20: The Equality Operator You Are Looking For | P2468R2 | 13 | 16 |  | 16.0.0* |  | 2023.2 |  |  |
DR20: char8_t Compatibility and Portability Fix (FTM)* | P2513R4 | 13 | 16 | 19.34* | 16.0.0* |  | 2023.2 |  |  |
DR98/11: Clarify reporting of diagnostic directives and allow static_assert of non-value-dependent expressions in a template context | CWG2518 | 13 | 17 | 16.0* (partial)* 19.40* |  |  |  |  |  |
C++23 feature | Paper(s) | GCC | Clang | MSVC | Apple Clang | EDG eccp | Intel C++ | Nvidia HPC C++ (ex PGI)* | Nvidia nvcc | Cray

### C++23 library features

C++23 feature | Paper(s) | GCC libstdc++ | Clang libc++ | MSVC STL | Apple Clang* |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Stacktrace library (FTM)* | P0881R7 P2301R1 | 12 (partial)* 14* |  | 19.34* |
`<stdatomic.h>` (FTM)* | P0943R6 | 12 | 15 | 19.31* | 14.0.3*
`std::is_scoped_enum` (FTM)* | P1048R1 | 11 | 12 | 19.30* | 13.0.0*
`std::basic_string::contains()`, `std::basic_string_view::contains()` (FTM)* | P1679R3 | 11 | 12 | 19.30* | 13.0.0*
`std::to_underlying` (FTM)* | P1682R3 | 11 | 13 | 19.30* | 13.1.6*
Relaxing requirements for time_point<>::clock | P2212R2 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A
Providing size feedback in the Allocator interface (FTM)* | P0401R6 |  | 15 | 19.30* | 14.0.3*
`<spanstream>`: string-stream with `std::span`-based buffer (FTM)* | P0448R4 | 12 |  | 19.31* |
`std::out_ptr()`, `std::inout_ptr()` (FTM)* | P1132R8 | 14 | 19 | 19.30* |
constexpr `type_info::operator==()` (FTM)* | P1328R1 | 12 | 17 | 19.33** 19.34* | 15.0.0*
Iterator pair constructors for `std::stack` and `std::queue` (FTM)* | P1425R4 | 12 | 14 | 19.31* | 14.0.3*
Non-deduction context for allocators in container deduction guides | P1518R2 | 12* | 13* | 19.31** | 13.1.6**
`ranges::starts_with()` and `ranges::ends_with()` (FTM)* | P1659R3 |  | 17 (partial)* 18 | 19.31* | 16.0.0*
Prohibiting std::basic_string and std::basic_string_view construction from `nullptr` | P2166R1 | 12 | 13 | 19.30* | 13.1.6*
`std::invoke_r()` (FTM)* | P2136R3 | 12 | 17 | 19.31* | 15.0.0*
Range constructor for std::basic_string_view | P1989R2 | 11 | 14 | 19.30* | 14.0.3*
Default template arguments for std::pair's forwarding constructor | P1951R1 | 14 | 14 | 19.30* | 14.0.3*
Remove Garbage Collection and Reachability-Based Leak Detection (library support) | P2186R2 | 12 | 14 | 19.30* | 14.0.3*
zip: `views::zip`, `views::zip_transform`, `views::adjacent`, and `views::adjacent_transform` (FTM)* | P2321R2 | 13 | 15 (partial)* | 19.33*(partial)*** 19.37* | 14.0.3*
Heterogeneous erasure overloads for associative containers (FTM)* | P2077R3 |  |  | 19.32* |
`std::byteswap()` (FTM)* | P1272R4 | 12 | 14 | 19.31* | 14.0.3*
Printing volatile T* | P1147R1 | 11.3 | 14 | 19.31* | 14.0.3*
`basic_string::resize_and_overwrite()` (FTM)* | P1072R10 | 12 | 14 | 19.31* | 14.0.3*
Monadic operations for std::optional (FTM)* | P0798R8 | 12 | 14 | 19.32* | 14.0.3*
`std::move_only_function` (FTM)* | P0288R9 | 12 |  | 19.32* |
Add a conditional noexcept specification to std::exchange | P2401R0 | 12 | 14 | 19.25* | 14.0.3*
Require `std::span` & std::basic_string_view to be TriviallyCopyable | P2251R1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes
Clarifying the status of the “C headers” | P2340R1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes
`<expected>` (FTM)* | P0323R12 P2549R1 | 12 | 16 | 19.33* | 15.0.0*
constexpr for `<cmath>` and `<cstdlib>` (FTM)* | P0533R9 | 4.6 (partial)* |  |  |
`std::unreachable()` (FTM)* | P0627R6 | 12 | 15 | 19.32* | 14.0.3*
Deprecating std::aligned_storage and std::aligned_union | P1413R3 | 13 | 16 | 19.33* |
`std::reference_constructs_from_temporary` & `std::reference_converts_from_temporary` (FTM)* | P2255R2 | 13 (partial)* 14 | 19 |  |
constexpr std::unique_ptr (FTM)* | P2273R3 | 12 | 16 | 19.33* | 15.0.0*
Constructing containers and strings from ranges with `ranges::to()`, tagged constructors, insert and assign member functions (FTM)* (FTM)* | P1206R7 | 14 (partial)* | 17 | 19.34* | 15.0.0*
Pipe support for user-defined range adaptors (`ranges::range_adaptor_closure`, `std::bind_back`) (FTM)* (FTM)* | P2387R3 | 13 (partial)* 14 | 19 | 19.34* |
`ranges::iota()`, `ranges::shift_left()`, and `ranges::shift_right()` (FTM)* (FTM)* | P2440R1 | 13 (partial)* |  | 19.34* |
`views::join_with` (FTM)* | P2441R2 | 13 |  | 19.34* |
`views::chunk` and `views::slide` (FTM)* (FTM)* | P2442R1 | 13 |  | 19.33* |
`views::chunk_by` (FTM)* | P2443R1 | 13 | 18 | 19.33* | 16.0.0*
`std::mdspan`: a non-owning multidimensional array reference (FTM)* | P0009R18 P2599R2 P2604R0 P2613R1 P2763R1 |  | 17 (partial)* 18 | 19.39* | 15.0.0*
`<flat_map>` (FTM)* | P0429R9 | 15 | 20 |  |
`<flat_set>` (FTM)* | P1222R4 | 15 |  |  |
`ranges::find_last()`, `ranges::find_last_if()`, and `ranges::find_last_if_not()` (FTM)* | P1223R5 | 13 | 19 | 19.36* |
Freestanding Library: Easy `<utility>`, `<ranges>`, and `<iterator>` | P1642R11 | 13* |  | N/A |
`views::stride` (FTM)* | P1899R3 | 13 |  | 19.34* |
Compatibility between std::tuple and tuple-like objects (FTM)* | P2165R4 | 14 | 2.9 (partial)* | 19.36* (partial)* 19.37* | partial*
Rectifying constant iterators, sentinels, and ranges. views::as_const (FTM)* | P2278R4 | 13 |  | 19.35* (partial)* 19.36* |
Formatting Ranges (FTM)* | P2286R8 |  | 16 | 19.37*(partial)* 19.39*(partial)* 19.41*(partial)* 19.42* | 15.0.0*
Improve default container formatting (FTM)* | P2585R1 |  | 16 (partial)* 17 | 19.42* | 15.0.0*
Formatted output library `<print>` (FTM)* | P2093R14 P2539R4 | 14 | 17 (partial)* 18 | 19.37* | 15.0.0** 16.0.0*
Formatting std::thread::id and `std::stacktrace` (FTM)* | P2693R1 | 14 | 17 (partial)* | 19.38* | 15.0.0*
constexpr for integral overloads of `std::to_chars()` and `std::from_chars()` (FTM)* | P2291R3 | 13 | 16 | 19.34* | 15.0.0*
`ranges::contains()` and `ranges::contains_subrange()` (FTM)* | P2302R4 | 13 | 19 | 19.34* | 16.0.0**
Ranges fold algorithms (FTM)* | P2322R6 | 13 |  | 19.35* |
`views::cartesian_product` (FTM)* | P2374R4 P2540R1 | 13 |  | 19.37* |
Adding move-only types support for comparison concepts (`equality_comparable`, `totally_ordered`, `three_way_comparable`) (FTM)* | P2404R3 |  |  | 19.36* |
Ranges iterators as inputs to non-ranges algorithms (FTM)* | P2408R5 |  |  | 19.34* |
constexpr std::bitset (FTM)* | P2417R2 | 13 | 16 | 19.34* | 15.0.0*
`basic_string::substr()` `&&` | P2438R2 |  | 16 | 19.34* | 15.0.0*
`views::as_rvalue` (FTM)* | P2446R2 | 13 | 16 | 19.34* | 15.0.0*
Standard Library Modules (FTM)* | P2465R3 | 15* | 17 (partial)* | 19.35* (partial)* 19.36* |
`std::forward_like()` (FTM)* | P2445R1 | 14 | 16 | 19.34* | 15.0.0*
Support exclusive mode for std::fstream (FTM)* | P2467R1 | 12 | 18 | 19.36* | 16.0.0*
`views::repeat` (FTM)* | P2474R2 | 13 | 17 | 19.36* | 15.0.0*
Relaxing range adaptors to allow for move-only types (FTM)* | P2494R2 | 14 | 17 | 19.34* | 15.0.0*
std::basic_string_view range constructor should be explicit | P2499R0 | 12.2 | 16 | 19.34* | 15.0.0*
`std::generator`: synchronous coroutine generator for ranges (FTM)* | P2502R2 P2787R0 | 14 |  | 19.43* |
Add a conditional noexcept specification to std::apply | P2517R1 | 10 | 18 | 19.34* | 16.0.0*
Explicit lifetime management (`std::start_lifetime_as`) (FTM)* | P2590R2 P2679R2 |  |  |  |
Clarify handling of encodings in localized formatting of chrono types (FTM)* | P2419R2 | 15* |  | 19.34** |
std::move_iterator should not always be `input_iterator` (FTM)* | P2520R0 | 12.3* | 17* | 19.34** | 15.0.0*
Deduction guides update for explicit object parameter call operators | LWG3617 | 14 |  | 19.34* |
Deduction guides update for static operator() | P1169R4 | 13 | 16 | 19.39* | 15.0.0*
Standard names and library support for extended floating-point types | P1467R9 | 13 |  | 19.37** |
Monadic operations for `std::expected` (FTM)* | P2505R5 | 13 | 17 | 19.36* | 15.0.0*
`views::enumerate` (FTM)* | P2164R9 | 13 |  | 19.37* |
`std::is_implicit_lifetime` (FTM)* | P2674R1 |  | 20 |  |
std::common_reference_t of std::reference_wrapper should be a reference type (FTM)* (FTM)* | P2655R3 |  |  | 19.37* |
Disallowing user specialization of std::allocator_traits | P2652R2 |  | 19 | 19.37* |
Deprecating std::numeric_limits::has_denorm | P2614R2 |  | 18 | 19.37* | 16.0.0*
Making Multi-Param Constructors Of `view`s `explicit` | P2711R1 |  | 17 (partial)* | 19.36** | 15.0.0*
DR20: Relaxing Ranges Just A Smidge (FTM)* | P2609R3 | 15 | 20 | 19.37* |
DR20: Stashing Stashing Iterators For Proper Flattening | P2770R0 | 14 | 18 | 19.37* |
DR17: std::visit() for classes derived from std::variant (FTM)* | P2162R2 | 11.3 | 13 | 19.20** 19.30* | 13.1.6*
DR20: Conditionally borrowed ranges | P2017R1 | 11 | 16 | 19.30* |
DR20: Repairing input range adaptors and std::counted_iterator | P2259R1 | 12 |  | 19.30*(partial)* 19.31* |
DR20: `views::join` should join all views of ranges | P2328R1 | 11.2 | 15 | 19.30* | 14.0.3*
DR20: `view` does not require `default_initializable` (FTM)* | P2325R3 | 11.3 | 16 | 19.30* | 15.0.0*
DR20: Range adaptor objects bind arguments by value | P2281R1 | 11 | 14 | 19.29 (16.10)* (partial)* 19.31* | 14.0.3*
DR20: `constexpr` for std::optional and std::variant (FTM)* (FTM)* | P2231R1 | 11.3 (partial)* 12 | 13 (partial)* 19 | 19.31* | 13.1.6* (partial)
DR20: `views::lazy_split` and redesigned `views::split` | P2210R2 | 12 | 16 | 19.31* | 15.0.0*
DR20: Fix ranges::istream_view | P2432R1 | 12 | 16 | 19.31* | 15.0.0*
DR20: `view` with ownership (FTM)* | P2415R2 | 12 | 14 | 19.31* | 14.0.3*
DR20: Fixing locale handling in chrono formatters (FTM)* | P2372R3 P2418R2 | 13 |  | 19.31* |
DR20: Cleaning up integer-class types | P2393R1 |  |  | 19.32* |
DR20: Compile-time format string checks; Reducing binary code size of `std::format()` family (FTM)* | P2216R3 | 13 | 14 (partial)* 15 | 19.32* | 14.0.3*
DR20: Add support for non-const-formattable types to std::format | P2418R2 | 13 | 15 | 19.32* | 14.0.3*
DR20: `std::basic_format_string` | P2508R1 | 13 | 15 | 19.35* | 14.0.3*
DR20: Poison Pills are Too Toxic (FTM)* | P2602R2 | 14 | 19 | 19.36* |
DR20: std::format fill character allowances | P2572R1 | 14 | 17 | 19.37* |
DR20: Improving std::format's width estimation | P2675R1 | 14 | 17 | 19.38* |
DR20: std::barrier's phase completion guarantees (FTM)* | P2588R3 |  |  | 19.28 (16.8)** 19.36* |
C++23 feature | Paper(s) | GCC libstdc++ | Clang libc++ | MSVC STL | Apple Clang*

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