# std::ranges::concat_view<Views...>::iterator

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< cpp‎ | ranges‎ | concat view

template< bool Const > class /*iterator*/ | (1) | (exposition only*)
Helper concepts |  |
template< bool Const, class... Rs > concept /*concat-is-random-access*/ = /* see description */; | (2) | (exposition only*)
template< bool Const, class... Rs > concept /*concat-is-bidirectional*/ = /* see description */; | (3) | (exposition only*)

1) ranges::concat_view<Views...>::`iterator` is the type of the iterators returned by `begin()` and `end()` of ranges::concat_view<Views...>.
2) Let `Fs` be the pack that consists of all elements of `Rs` except the last element. Equivalent to

template<bool Const, class... Rs>
concept`` `concat-is-random-access``` = // exposition only
`` `all-random-access`﻿<Const, Rs...> &&
`` (ranges::common_range<`maybe-const`﻿<Const, Fs>> && ...);

.
3) Let `Fs` be the pack that consists of all elements of `Rs` except the last element. Equivalent to

template<bool Const, class... Rs>
concept`` `concat-is-bidirectional``` = // exposition only
`` `all-bidirectional`﻿<Const, Rs...> &&
`` (ranges::common_range<`maybe-const`﻿<Const, Fs>> && ...);

.

### Template parameters

Const | - | whether the iterator is a constant iterator

### Nested types

##### Exposition-only types
Type | Definition
`base-iter` | std::variant<ranges::iterator_t<`maybe-const`﻿<Const, Views>>...> (exposition-only member type*)
##### Iterator property types
Type | Definition
`iterator_concept` | an iterator tag, see below
`iterator_category` (conditionally present) | an iterator tag, see below
`value_type` | `concat-value-t`﻿<`maybe-const`﻿<Const, Views>...>
`difference_type` | std::common_type_t<ranges::range_difference_t<`maybe-const`﻿<Const, Views>>...>

#### Determining the iterator concept

`iterator_concept` is defined as follows:

- If `concat-is-random-access`﻿<Const, Views...> is modeled, `iterator_concept` denotes std::random_access_iterator_tag.
- Otherwise, if `concat-is-bidirectional`﻿<Const, Views...> is modeled, `iterator_concept` denotes std::bidirectional_iterator_tag.
- Otherwise, if `all-forward`﻿<Const, Views...> is modeled, `iterator_concept` denotes std::forward_iterator_tag.
- Otherwise, `iterator_concept` denotes std::input_iterator_tag.

#### Determining the iterator category

`iterator_category` is defined if and only if `all-forward`﻿<Const, Views...> is modeled. In this case, it is defined as follows:

- If std::is_reference_v<`concat-reference-t`﻿<`maybe-const`﻿<Const, Views>...>> is false, `iterator_category` denotes std::input_iterator_tag.
- Otherwise, let `Cs` denote the pack of types std::iterator_traits<ranges::iterator_t<`maybe-const`﻿<Const, Views>>>::iterator_category...:
  - If (std::derived_from<Cs, std::random_access_iterator_tag> && ...) &&
    `` `concat-is-random-access`﻿<Const, Views...> is true, `iterator_category` denotes std::random_access_iterator_tag.
  - Otherwise, if (std::derived_from<Cs, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag> && ...) &&
    `` `concat-is-bidirectional`﻿<Const, Views...> is true, `iterator_category` denotes std::bidirectional_iterator_tag.
  - Otherwise, if (std::derived_from<Cs, std::forward_iterator_tag> && ...) is true, `iterator_category` denotes std::forward_iterator_tag.
  - Otherwise, `iterator_category` denotes std::input_iterator_tag.

### Data members

Member | Definition
`maybe-const`﻿<Const, ranges::concat_view>* `parent_` | a pointer to the parent `concat_view` (exposition-only member object*)
`base-iter` `it_` | an iterator into the current view (exposition-only member object*)

### Member functions

(constructor) | constructs an iterator (public member function)
operator* | accesses the element (public member function)
operator[] | accesses an element by index (public member function)
operator++operator++(int)operator--operator--(int)operator+=operator-= | advances or decrements the underlying iterator (public member function)
##### Exposition-only function templates
satisfy | replaces `it_` with the beginning of the next view, if `it_` is the end of current view (exposition-only member function*)
prev | decrements `it_` such that it points to the previous position (exposition-only member function*)
advance-fwd | advances the current position on given offset (exposition-only member function*)
advance-bwd | decrements the current position on given value (exposition-only member function*)

### Non-member functions

operator==operator<operator>operator<=operator>=operator<=> (C++26) | compares the underlying iterators (function)
operator+operator- (C++26) | performs iterator arithmetic (function)
iter_move (C++26) | casts the result of dereferencing the underlying iterator to its associated rvalue reference type (function)
iter_swap (C++26) | swaps the objects pointed to by two underlying iterators (function)

### Example

The preliminary version can be checked out on Compiler Explorer.

Run this code

    #include <iostream>
    #include <iterator>
    #include <ranges>

    int main()
    {
        namespace views = std::views;
        static constexpr int p[]{1, 2, 3};
        static constexpr auto e = {4, 5};
        auto t = views::iota(6, 9);
        auto cat = views::concat(p, e, t);
        auto dog = views::concat(cat, cat);
        for (auto i{dog.begin()}; i != std::default_sentinel; ++i)
            std::cout << *i << ' ';
        std::cout << '\n';
    }

Output:

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

### References

- C++26 standard (ISO/IEC 14882:2026):

  - 26.7.18.3 Class template `concat_view::iterator` [range.concat.iterator]

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